Gas prices Essay Example For Students

Gas costs Essay Your check is accepting less for a few reasons. First off, on the off chance that you plan on heading off to the service station nowadays you better bring along the checkbook. Gas costs have been on the ascent since it bottomed out back in May of a year ago when we were just paying $0.64 a gallon contrasted with todays $1.54.9 per gallon. With the goal that raise you got, simply toss it directly out the window since it isn't doing anything for you now. Not exclusively can you not drive anyplace, yet flying is progressively costly nowadays as well. My hypothesis is, that the oil organizations are getting ready for the mass measures of cash they will lose later on, on the grounds that oil will before long be depleted from our mom earth. At the point when we showed up, we were amazed at the wedding being very customary. The congregation, set in the rear of their little network. Followed by the gathering, which occurred at a corridor close by. Dislike the past wedding I went as well, which was outside right along Lake Michigan, and the gathering occurred inside the manor that remained close by. In any case, I surmise a few people like to be conventionalists and that will carry out the responsibility also. Before a player can be viewed as Most Valuable in their association, some fundamental zones are to be thought of. Did that player lead the alliance in objectives, focuses per game, homers, or any significant classification that would lead his group, if not the association? Was that individual on a triumphant group, or was he the triple crown victor, which is having hit the most homers, R.B.I.s, and fair hits. These are everything to consider while picking a MVP. Since there are such a large number of incredible competitors nowadays picking a MVP can be very troublesome, and that is the reason they take a gander at such a significant number of various regions of the game to pick the Most Valuable Player. Home isn't a simple term to characterize. The majority of us being junior college understudies, see it similar to a spot for solace and nature. Home is the place the heart is, correct, it is additionally where I live for nothing, eat for nothing, and rest for nothing as well. Being ceaselessly from home is an extraordinary encounter, it is intense out there doing every one of those things without anyone else. Mom won't come over and cook and clean for you no more, once your out. That is the reason we love home, keeping it that one final spot of tranquility before we move out to this present reality.

Internal And External Influences Of Dell Computers Commerce Essay

Inward And External Influences Of Dell Computers Commerce Essay The association being picked to do such change the executives procedure examination is the PC business and the association organization in center is genially with respect to DELL Computers. Along these lines, change forms in business associations includes the truth behind each procedure and is considered as an every day cycle in managing to different issues and worries of the association as it relies upon the administrations activities and its regarded difference in nature in managing viable change the board as coordinated at defeating outrage and disdain advancing into a program that underpins acknowledgment and disguise. As an advisor remarking on the authoritative change process picking DELL association as the point of convergence for conversation and investigation for this introduction, my job to the association is to have a reasonable accentuation managing to the outside and inward change drivers and other basic focuses required for the acknowledgment of direction for this repor t introduction for the senior administration of the DELL in giving verifiable data that will have the option to give a superior meaningful suddenness of comprehension of such hierarchical state required for choice and the use of the proper administration models just as ideas per se.â 1.0 Introduction In this task, I will utilize Dell Corporation to finish task 1 and 2. Assignment 1 is tied in with deciding and investigating Dells interior and outer impacts. The outer components are the components originated from outside the association that outside the ability to control of association and inner variables are the impacts inside the association. In task 2, political change, viability and upgrades of the Dell will be talked about. 1.1 Background Information of Dell Michael Dell, the organizer of Dell in 1984. Michael Dell began selling PCs out of his apartment at the University of Texas in Austin. Dell has a straightforward idea that is by selling PC frameworks legitimately to their objective clients by removing retailers and providers. Dell tunes in and comprehends clients needs and conveys the best processing answers for address those issues. Dell is the number 1 PC supplier in the United States and number 2 around the world. Dell was likewise recorded in Forbes magazine as the 25th biggest organization on the Fortune 500 rundown. Dell headquarter is situated at Texas, United States. In 2009, Dell has utilized in excess of 76,500 individuals around the world. Dell sells its items legitimately to clients, for example, government organizations, open establishments, medicinal services and instructive foundations, little to huge organizations through agents, phone based deals, and online through the organization site. 2.0 Internal Factors Inner factors or impacts incorporate explanation of mission, vision and objectives, item and administrations, authority and SWOT examination. 2.1 Statement of Mission, Vision and Goals Dells achievement depends on a straightforward reason that is to tune in to clients, conveys innovation and administrations they esteem. Dells strategic to be the best PC organization on the planet at conveying the best client involvement with business sectors we serve, by methods for meeting client desires for most excellent, driving innovation, organization responsibility and backing just as adaptable customization ability, and money related security. The organization vision was to deliver PCs that could without much of a stretch be fitted with singular parts to fabricate a PC framework to oblige singular necessities. Dells essential objective is to redo, plan and manufactured items to fulfill they clients prerequisites so clients can get precisely what they desire.â Dell has accomplished their principle objective by working together straightforwardly with clients each in turn. They accepted that they could superior to anybody on the planet. This is their essential objective sinc e they need to be the best at what they do and make a profit.â Dell feels that their incredible client support will keeps client steadfast. Dells another objective is to turn into the greenest innovation organization on the planet. Dell has propelled a long haul, worldwide exertion to turn into the greenest innovation organization in earth. It has set an aspiring Zero Carbon Initiative whereby it expects to expand the vitality proficiency of Dell items, and after some time balance their carbon sway. Moreover, Dell will broaden its Plant a Tree for Me program into Europe and Dell will likewise keep offering its buyers overall free reusing for utilized Dell gear and other marked gear when new Dell equipment is bought. 2.2 Products and Services Dell is all inclusive perceived for grant winning items and extraordinary administrations. Dells commitment to consumer loyalty implies that buyer can rely on them for a responsive, solid, quality help. Dell focus and tune in to their clients needs and needs. In this way, Dell conveys inventive innovation and administrations they trust and worth. Dell offers a wide scope of item, for example, PCs, note pad PCs, arrange servers, workstations, handheld PCs, screens, printers, very good quality stockpiling items, and an assortment of PC peripherals and programming. Dells frameworks are worked to arrange thus that clients have the opportunity to pick what necessities they require. Other than that, the organization is presently offering wide scope of hardware and PC adornments organizing extras, computerized cameras and camcorders, gaming consoles and programming, LCD TVs, projectors and encompass sound speakers. Also, Dell has structured keen, basic administrations to fit the present cli ents way of life and it has brought clients a great deal of accommodation. Dell additionally gives day in and day out clients administration and bolster apparatus that protected clients individual information and keep their framework running in great condition. Dell innovation specialists can remotely get to a clients PC to unravel issues right away. 2.3 Leadership 2.4 SWOT investigation Qualities Extraordinary compared to other famous PC brands Dell is the biggest PC creator on the planet and furthermore notable for web based selling of PCs. Dell offers a wide scope of PC, Laptops, Monitors and LCDs, equipment and programming. The companys site got in any event 25 million visits at in excess of 50 nation explicit locales. Direct to client plan of action Dell sells legitimately to their clients by removing the retailers and providers. Dells effective obtainment, assembling and conveyance process permitting it to offer clients amazing frameworks at serious costs. Dell gives first rate client care when the deal and furthermore 24 hours client care and backing. Customization Each Dell framework is worked to arrange. Dell fabricated PC dependent on client gave determinations. So clients get precisely what they want. Shortcomings No Proprietary Technology Dell doesn't have restrictive innovation, the present innovation utilized by Dell are shared by the other significant contenders. Item Failure There is the periodic item review that can cause Dell some humiliation. In 2004, 4.4 million PC connectors are reviewed back on account of a dread that they may overheat. Openings Expansion Dell is acquainting numerous new items with its range through expansion. This at first has implied great, for example, printers, work area and PCs, yet now additionally incorporates LCD TVs and other non-processing merchandise. Solid market potential Dell has the open door for development in all pieces of the world, particularly in business sectors outside of the U.S.; in all client fragments; and in all item classes. The quantity of PC clients is relied upon to hit or surpass 1 billion by 2010. Dangers Contender Dell draws in clients through cost sparing. Since contenders are offering PCs at low costs, this could compromise Dells cost cognizant developing client base. With practically comparable costs, value distinction is not, at this point an issue for clients. Innovation Advancement Quick change in innovation obsoletes the item in little range of time. Dell needs to stay aware of innovative progressions to have the option to contend. Cash vacillation Changes in world monetary standards can influence creation costs. As the expenses of provisions increment, the cost of the PCs will likewise increment. 3.0 External Factors The outside conditions comprise of Porters 5 and PESTLE investigation. Bug is exceptionally compelling for the comprehension of business circumstance and worldwide issues and Porters 5 examinations the companys outside condition in a current market or another one. 3.1 PEST investigation of Dell Corporation 3.1.1 Political Political elements incorporate government guidelines and lawful issues deciding the conditions under which organizations need to work. Dell Corporation experiences issues in specific nations where political steadiness isn't ensured, regardless of whether organizations work creation offices or on the off chance that they work with that nation through fares or imports. Numerous nations despite everything have prohibitive strategies, for example, the exchange standards and certain administration guidelines that infers on MNC (Multinational organizations) which are kept up to ensure household makers and creation. These strategies are bound to impede outside organizations from putting or going into these business sectors. The main chance to work together in those nations is to build up associations with neighborhood organizations, for example, joint endeavors or key collusions, where they are also compelled to acknowledge minority shares and to give assets concerning cash, nearby culture and mechanical information. In any case, the PC business sees incredible potential in those nations with looser and less limited government guidelines for nations like China which has opened for some ventures since its increase to the WTO in 2001. This causes the globalization exchange hindrances to be less limited and the open doors for new market to

Its Legit

It’s Legit Because my roommate is in a sorority, she receives a whole slew of informative, interesting, and often inane e-mails. As she does a great job keeping up with her inbox, she is naturally well-informed about the goings-on in the MIT community so much so that I generally find out about things through her. Things like hacks :) It was a matter of some dismay to my fellow freshmen and I when we arrived on campus in August, only to find MITs Great Dome shrouded in white wrappings and the hubbub of construction. Now, at last, the scaffolding around the dorm is slowly coming down. MIT Hackers did a little to welcome the Dome back to the world of sight: (All Hack Photo Credit to Eric Schmiedl) Yup, thats a bandaid. Our beloved dome is all fixed up. But the hackers didnt stop there! Early last Saturday, they transformed the ceiling of Lobby 7 into a massive black hole and even showed a smooshed CERN spaceship being sucked within. This was, as some of you will have already guessed, in reference to the Large Hadron Collider project. Isnt it beautiful? I have no idea how they managed to put this up, but its entirely legit. As legit as my chem professors 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry :) In honor of it being the last chem class for the fall semester, Professor Schrock gave a lecture yesterday titled, How to Win a Nobel Prize hands down, it was my favorite chem lecture of the semester. We got a chance to hear about his work, see his pictures from the award ceremony, and even catch a glimpse of his certificate from up close. At the end of class, everyone swarmed to the front of the room to take pictures and my camera managed to capture this one: I knew it was a good idea to ask for a camera for my 18th birthday :) I only wish studying for the final were as entertaining as class yesterdayIll be taking my chem final next Tuesday the day before EA decisions come out!! How are you guys holding up? The wait is almost over! I wish all of you every bit of luck in the world :)

The Nature Of Man And The Purpose Of Government - 887 Words

Evelyn Koutsoudis September 21, 2014 Mr. Kramer AP Government The Nature of Man and The Purpose of Government Hobbes said, â€Å"†¦ the life of man solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short†¦the condition of man†¦is a condition of war of everyone against everyone.† In other words the nature of man is evil without any civil government. To save Britain merchants from an economic deficit, Parliament passed the Tea Act, granting a monopoly to the financially strapped East India Company to sell the tea that is imported from Britain. The company was allowed to conduct business with colonial merchants who were loyal to the crown, and thereby hurting the colonist by undercutting them, who could only sell tea imported from other nations. The purpose of this was to drive down the price of tea, so that the colonial merchants were forced to buy tea at the higher prices from another source. This made the colonist upset so when the next shipment of tea arrived in Boston Harbor, the colonist decided to throw a â€Å"Boston Tea Party†. This â€Å"Boston Tea Party† was an act of protest in which the colonist threw the British tea into the Boston Harbor. (34) This was the spark that ignited the colonists to decide to go to â€Å"war† with the English Government. As a result, the actions taken by both sides were fueled out of spite, and revenge. John Locke said, â€Å"†¦ the people had put into their hands for quite contrary ends, and it devolves to the people, who have a right to resume theirShow MoreRelatedModern Liberalism and Political Policies1337 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophies and theories each differ from one another’s, but these three philosophers have all staked their claims as to what man would be like, prior to the formation of the state. This is the State of Nature. Their notions on the social contract reflect their position on the political spectrum. These three philosophers also examine the purpose and function of the government to individuals of the state. Modern liberalism is the philosophical standpoint for an increase in social progress. Jean JacquesRead MoreGeorge Hobbes And Locke s Theories On Government, Human Nature, And Natural Law1661 Words   |  7 Pagestheir proximity to one another and because of their similar nature. For instance, I wrote about Basque and Catalonian independence in Spain. While it may be apt to say that they are the same for a number of reasons. They were inherently different because of the small details that change their trajectory to land close to each other but not in the same place. Much is the same when comparing Hobbes’ and Locke’s theories on government, human nature, and natural law. Both may come to the same conclusion aboutRead MoreLocke And Rousseau s Natural State Of Nature1252 Words   |  6 PagesRousseau describe the natural state of man as being innately free, although their opinions on freedom differ. In Second Treatise of Government, Locke depicts man as being naturally f ree because he believes that, in nature, we are able to do as we please and every person is equal. Rousseau describes the natural man as being free from the corruption and desires that society forces onto man. Locke and Rousseau agree that the best state is the freest, and that the purpose of a social contract ought to be toRead MoreThomas Hobbes and John Locke Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pages he believed that a rational purpose to government did exist defending the government as an institution. Locke insisted that not only did a good government care for the well being of it public but the well being of the government to. He believed in gradual social reform and the change in laws rather than revolution. And that we would live in a state of harmony. Locke believed that all men had friendly nature and would do no harm. And that man had to learn for experiencesRead MoreJohn Locke : The Limitations Of Government And The Natural State1475 Words   |  6 Pages John Locke: The Limitations of Government and the Natural State Brandon Lee 10/31/17 Outline Submit for: Political Theory (Govt 251) Fall 2017 Professor Lindskog I. John Locke had been influential in the American governmental system. His ideas outlined in the Second Treatise on Government, dramatically influenced the America revolution and the formation of the United States Declaration of Independence. Modern democracy can thank Locke for his ideas on equal rights, separationRead MoreLocke, Hobbes, Aquinas, and Machiavell Theory on Self-Defense and Governance1548 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical theory in that it illustrates a theorist’s presumptions regarding human nature and interaction, which extrapolates into how humans need to be governed. John Locke wrote The Second Treatise of Government during a period of instability in England. The purpose was to refute popular ideas that â€Å"[asserted] the divine authority of kings and [denied] any right of resistance† and make the case for limited government (Locke, vii). At the very foundation of Locke’s political theory is a conflictRead MoreAristotle and John Locke on Nature and Purpose of a Political Community1302 Words   |  5 PagesAristotle and John Locke’s nature and purpose of a political community has given me a new insight. I learned that, even though the political community is responsible to provide security, its main purpose is aimed for the highest good of all its citizens, which is virtue and happiness. While some differences between Aristotle and John Locke’s nature and purpose of a political community are obvious, the similarities are noticeable. According to Aristotle, the nature and purpose of a political communityRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes886 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Hobbes, and in, The Second Treatise of Government, by John Locke different theories of political legitimacy and definitions of the state of nature are described. The following paragraphs analyze multiple different points that are imperative to understanding these political theories. In the reading, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes discusses what human existence is in the state of nature and the state of war. As it is described, the state of nature explains how men were made equal in the facultiesRead MoreWhat Does Political Legitimacy Of The State Of Nature?921 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Hobbes, and in, The Second Treatise of Government, by John Locke different theories of political legitimacy and definitions of the state of nature are described. The following paragraphs analyze multiple different points that are imperative to understanding these political theories. In the reading, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes discusses what human existence is in the state of nature and the state of war. As it is described, the state of nature refers to how men were made equal in the facultiesRead MoreHobbes And Rousseau On The Social Contract Theory1625 Words   |  7 Pagesperspectives on society and human nature. Hobbes and Rousseau have significant similarities and differences in their similarities conceptions regarding the social contract theory. Hobbes argues that man naturally desires security and order. It is the quest for security and preservation, as well as the need to avoid pain and misery that made man to get into a contract. Self-preservation and protection are widespread in the nature of man and in an attempt to achieve it, man voluntarily surrendered all his

Is Homosexuality Morally Or Immoral - 906 Words

Homosexuality has in recent times being the topic of much heated debate. Simple opinion has divided the line between many and conclude those that stand for traditional values and those who take a progressive stance in civil rights. While the nation has become a buzz of opinions and perspectives, many arguments that have been made have been exaggerated and slandered to the extent that they are no more than myths that have been left off of a leash unchecked. Ultimately, there is nothing inherently wrong with homosexuality, and despite even the best arguments made against the principle, little carry any weight. Many people look at homosexuals and see people that they are uncomfortable with and jump to irrational conclusions, claiming that the concept is unnatural or immoral. A simple argument can be made that homosexuals cannot reproduce, and therefore should be expelled from any kind of societal recognition. However, what concisely makes the inability to reproduce a negative factor in homosexuality? The inability to procreate may stem the ability to produce a child between a couple, however, it creates the possibility for adoption. Thusly, it would serve to both take a child out of a foster home, making one less crowded and taking less a toll on the inhabitants that reside there, as well as providing a loving home for a child whom may need one. Inherently, a large population of people who do not reproduce may stall, if not solve, the growing issue of worldShow MoreRelatedIs Homosexuality Morally Or Immoral?915 Words   |  4 PagesHomosexuality has in recent times asserted the p osition of being a topic of much heated debate. Simple opinion has divided the line between many and conclude those that stand for traditional values and those who take a progressive stance in civil rights. While the nation has become a buzz of opinions and perspectives, many arguments that have been made have been exaggerated and slandered to the extent that they are no more than myths that have been left off of a leash unchecked. Ultimately, thereRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Existence Of God1470 Words   |  6 Pagesmany years homosexuality has been a debate over acceptance but has been for the most part considered an immoral act based on religious beliefs and the obligation to obey God’s commandments. These views on homosexuality can relate to the Divine Command Theory because morality is dependent upon the actions God commands us to do. There is however controversy with the Divine Command Theory that argues that morality may not be what God says it is therefore, the basi s of homosexuality being immoral and moralRead MoreThe Moral View Of Homosexuality1708 Words   |  7 Pagesargument of homosexuality being considered moral or immoral has been an argument for as long as humans have been in existence. This argument has been viewed by philological experts and people all over the world for centuries and it continues to be a major argument today. The moral view of homosexuality has many arguments, but the arguments that are going to be mentioned are the normative ethics argument, the argument on why the moral law is true when it comes to homosexuality, and why homosexuality shouldRead MoreIs Feminism a Harmful Ideology Essay1529 Words   |  7 Pages(1) Is it immoral to infringe upon individual liberty (even if some other good can come of it)? (2) Is it immoral to discriminate based on sex (even if there are innate differences, which are relevant to the situation)? What makes these distinctly moral issues, as opposed to legal, religious, or socio-political issues? These are distinctly moral issues for a few reasons. First, answers to these questions require normative statements (yes it is immoral, or no it isnt immoral to infringe†¦)Read MoreHomosexuality Paper -Philosophy1526 Words   |  7 PagesIs Homosexuality Right Or Wrong? by Nazha Gali My topic is homosexuality and the natural law theory. The natural law theory, which was founded by Aquinas, rests on a certain view that the world has a rational order with values and purposes built into its very nature. And since homosexuality is against the orders of nature, the natural law theory totally condemns it. I disagree with this point of view because I choose not to judge homosexuals but instead I accept them as members of our society.Read MoreKant and Sexual Morality1383 Words   |  6 PagesGerman Philosopher Immanuel Kant claimed that it is morally wrong to use a person merely as a means to your end. This judgement helps us to understand and determined sexual morality. Thomas A. Mappes supports Kant’s claims and helps to further explain Kant’s statement by defining it and introducing the idea that one must give their voluntary informed consent in order for certain actions to be moral. Mappes also illustrates that voluntary informed consent can be undermi ned through both deception andRead MoreKant and Sexual Morality1394 Words   |  6 PagesGerman Philosopher Immanuel Kant claimed that it is morally wrong to use a person merely as a means to your end. This judgement helps us to understand and determined sexual morality. Thomas A. Mappes supports Kant’s claims and helps to further explain Kant’s statement by defining it and introducing the idea that one must give their voluntary informed consent in order for certain actions to be moral. Mappes also illustrates that voluntary informed consent can be undermined through both deception andRead MoreHomosexuality Is A Form Of Emotional, Romantic, And Sexual Attraction858 Words   |  4 PagesAs one of the many sexual orientations, homosexuality is a form of emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction that is primarily or exclusively to people of the same sex. Homosexuality is a fairly recent phenomenon in the twenty-first century; in fact, this sexual orientation has signif icantly increased but there is no precise way to estimate the exact numbers due to people not openly identifying as such due to homophobia (which, in everyday use, is the fear of homosexuals) and homobigotry (intoleranceRead MoreEssay about Jewish Sexual Ethics1295 Words   |  6 Pages Sexual Ethics are integral to Judaism because they provided direct guidance on how to behave morally and in accordance with the Torah and God. Although, over many years Jews were suffering from persecution, they are currently showing stability which can be attributed to the framework that is outlined through the strong ethics that they uphold. Sexual ethics provide guidance on how to behave morally, righteously and in accordance to the Torah as well as preventing promiscuity, infidelity, immoralityRead MoreEthics of Homosexuality857 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Homosexuality Homosexuality has always been a controversial topic of ethical discussion. The morality of the subject depends completely upon a person’s views. A person is often swayed one way or another and religion often plays a very large role on the subject. There are those who believe in the divine command theory and those who believe in the natural law theory. In order to properly understand either theory it is important to know the meaning behind each. According to

Adultery in Madame Bovary vs Story of Zahra Free Essays

Adultery committed by women in many societies is considered a sin as well as an act of betrayal towards their families and towards their husbands. In Flaubert’s ‘Madame Bovary’ and al- Shaykh’s ‘The Story of Zahra’ both the protagonists, Emma and Zahra, commit adultery in order to run away from harsh realities of their lives. Emma commits adultery in order to escape the boredom of married life with her husband Charles as well as to seek true love which can only be found in the fantasy novels she has read. We will write a custom essay sample on Adultery in Madame Bovary vs Story of Zahra or any similar topic only for you Order Now Zahra, on the other hand, commits adultery in order to forget her turbulent years of childhood, to deal with the ongoing inertia of her life and to flee the harsh realities of the ongoing civil war. However the impact it has on both the protagonist and the people around them are quite different which reveals their contrasting personalities as well as the distinctive societies they live in. One of the most important aspects of adultery committed by Emma and Zahra is what impact it has on themselves. Mesmerized by her lover Rodolphe, even though she is married to Charles, Emma decides to have an affair with him. Her thoughts during their intimacy were â€Å"she reveled in it without remorse, without disquiet, without anxiety†. This shows that her act of betrayal has not affected her one bit. In fact, she believes that her adulterous ways has made her lifelong dream come true; not to mention that it has also made her distorted vision of love and happiness come true. She never spoke of marriage to her lover and we see no sign of Rodolphe taking care of her. Emma received bliss from her adulteries with Rodolphe which shows her selfishness as well as her inability to care for her husband. Furthermore, once Emma started an affair with Rodolphe, the relationship between these two becomes stronger than ever and which results in them becoming inseparable lovers. However, she fails to realize that she has been manipulated for her lover’s personal gains and this leads her to a path of self-destructiveness. Although found in a similar situation, the impact it has on Zahra differs entirely. Dealing with a very turbulent childhood, where she witnessed as well as experienced her father’s brutality, she falls in love with a married man, Malek. As time progresses, the relationship between them grows stronger. Their relationship comes to a stage where the thought of marriage arises. As Zahra says very little during their relationship, his refusal to marry her had little effect on it. Her thoughts after having committed infidelities with him were â€Å"I thought I could influence him; that was my delusion. He would lift my skirt casually, not even bothering to undress me completely before making love to me. All at once I would be filled with disgust and contempt. † Unlike Emma, Zahra actually loved her aficionado and even asked him to marry her. This shows her attachment towards him and how much she cared for him even though he married to another woman. However, once Zahra started committing adultery with him, her attitude towards him changes radically. She realizes that he does not love her at all and deceives her into having sex with her by explaining how women should be treated equally to men whilst penetrating her virginity. The adulteries committed by the protagonists of these two novels not only have an impact on them, but it has also impacted their husbands with whom they vowed to cherish the rest of their lives with. Emma kept her adulteries with other men so secretive that it was not until her death when her husband, Charles, would find out about her infidelities. He would one day stumble across the letters from Rodolphe. After reading them, he would reflect on what was written to himself â€Å"He endeavored, however, to bring himself into a devotional frame of mind, to buoy himself up with hope of a future life, in which he would see her again†. This demonstrates that even though Emma had deceived him during their marriage, he still loved her and even wanted to spend another lifetime with her. The letters do have a big impact on him as he lives and dies in seclusion during the latter years of his life, but the fact that during his last days he lives his life the way Emma did shows his emotional attachment towards her as well as how she was mortifying him even though she was dead. On the other hand, Majed, Zahra’s husband, finds about her past affairs while she was alive. As Majed and Zahra are married, he believes that he must now make love to her in order to make himself happy. When he does make love to her, he sees that while he is penetrating her there is not one drop of blood from Zahra. This vindicates the fact that Zahra is not a virgin. â€Å"Not one drop of blood. I did not ask for a sea of blood, I would have settled for one drop, but could only cry out as if in trance, â€Å"Curse Woman! Daughter of a Cursed Woman†. Unlike Charles, Majed is livid about Zahra’s illicit affairs. He abuses her and even threatens to blackmail her family about the sins she has committed. He believed that since Zahra came from a good family, marrying her will earn him and his family some much needed respect. Instead, the situation has become worse as now people in his community will remember him as the man being married to a woman who was not a virgin at the time of her marriage. We get this impression that Zahra has no value to him. This is because in Muslim culture, a virgin woman is a sign of purity and hence if a man marries such a woman, he is deemed a life of prosperity and happiness. In this case, Malek married a girl who is not free of abstinence before marriage which means that nobody will give him or his wife or their families the same amount of respect had Zahra been a virgin. The contrasting societies in which these two protagonists live are also very important as the adulteries committed have a lasting impression on their respective societies. When Emma is having her affair with Rodolphe, one day he insists that they go horse riding together for her well-being. Emma is not too keen; however due to Charles’ lack of awareness about the situation, he urges her to go with Rodolphe for the sake of her health. â€Å"I really don’t care how it looks! Said Charles, turning on his heel. Health comes first! You’re making a real mistake. † As women were victims of a male dominated society in nineteenth century France, the role they played in society was minimal (being confined to their houses and playing the role of honorable wife and mother). Emma clearly rebelled against these customs and did engage in deeds which were deemed scandalous in those times. However, her adulterous ways had little impact as far as society is concerned. This is because the Bourgeois society was deemed as sham, with little or no morals. It vindicates the fact that no-one in this particular society neither cares what other people do and hence brings a question over their self-dignity as well as the values imposed by society on its people. On the other hand, the society in which Zahra lives is a very conservative one and the impact the adulteries have is a strong one. When having their affair, Zahra and Malek meet in cafe where no one can see them in order to escape glances from people in their society. â€Å"He pays for coffee in that cafe frequented by only those afraid to be seen together in public†. Unlike in Madame Bovary, reputation and dignity in the community plays a very important role in The Story of Zahra. Here, we can see that society considers these people as outcastes, thus making life extremely difficult for them. To conclude, the reactions Emma and Zahra they receive from committing adultery are different and hence those reactions have very different impacts on them and on their respective societies as well. Thus, our attitudes and perception towards adultery vary according to protagonists. Zahra, who sees life in reality, is devastated and shattered once the impact of adultery, strikes her. This is what most people will be able to relate to and thus we have sympathy for her. On the other hand, Emma, who lives her life in fantasy, is unscathed by the impact of adultery and this gives an impression on the readers that she is too self-absorbed to care about others which makes her a very difficult character to like for the readers. Ironically, it is Emma Bovary who is represented as the modern woman, seeking happiness in a male-dominated society through whatever means possible. How to cite Adultery in Madame Bovary vs Story of Zahra, Essay examples

Literary career Essay Example For Students

Literary career Essay Charles Dickens was born near Portsmouth: his father was a clerk in the Navy Pay Office. His father didnt make much money here and the family wasnt coping well. The happiest period of Dickenss troubled childhood was spent in Chatham, although the family moved around a great deal. By early 1824, the family was in financial trouble and the 12-year old Dickens was sent to work for a few months at a shoe-polish warehouse on the banks of the Thames. A few days later, his father was arrested for debt. When his father was released, the family finally had some luck as they were left an inheritance courtesy of a late relative. In 1827, Dickens worked as a junior clerk for a firm of solicitors in Holborn, but he hated the law, and was drawn instead to journalism. He learnt shorthand and began reporting at the Doctors Commons Courts, and in 1831-1832 he was making shorthand reports of Parliamentary debates for the London papers. At this time, Dickens was toying with the idea of an acting career, and he remained fascinated by the theatre throughout his life, often directing and acting in shows to raise money for charitable causes and friends in distress. However, when the Monthly Magazine accepted his story, A Dinner at Poplar Walk (1833), Dickens was diverted into his subsequent literary career. He published a series of sketches of daily life in London in the Evening Chronicle, using the pseudonym Boz, his younger brothers childhood nickname. Through this work, he met his wife, Catherine Hogarth, the daughter of the Evening Chronicles co-editor; they married in 1836. Throughout his life Dickens disliked the law. Since he had experienced both sides of life being rich and poor through different periods of his childhood Dickens was completely against the poor law. Dickens uses the story of Oliver Twist to attack the cruelties of the 1834 reforms to the Poor Law, and to counter the glamorous and falsely attractive depiction of Londons criminal underworld. The novel follows the progress of Oliver, an orphan born in a workhouse, and maltreated by its hypocritical master, Bumble.  When Oliver is born after a while he begins to sneeze as if to announce that he is well and healthy but here Dickens uses humour to notify us of the feelings of the rest of the parish.  Oliver breathed, sneezed and proceeded to advertise to the inmates the fact of a new burden being imposed upon the parish. The fact that Olivers mother was being looked after by a peculiar old nurse who was sitting and drinking instead of helping the young woman.  The nurse interposed hastily depositing in her pocket a green glass bottle, the contents of which she had tasted in the corner with evident satisfaction.  Dickens makes us feel sympathetic towards Oliver in the next paragraph as he writes about the death of his mother.  She imprinted her cold white lips on its forehead; passed her hands over her face; gazed wildly around; shuddered fell back and died. Dickens then shows his anger by predicting Olivers future; it shows that he feels that this is how all poor children are treated not only in the workhouse but throughout the world. He was badged and ticketed and fell into place at once, a parish child, the orphan of the workhouse, the humble, half starved drudge to be cuffed and buffeted through the world despised by all and pitied by none.  Nine years had passed and we read that Oliver Twist is unhealthy and weak.  Twists ninth birthday found him a pale thin child, somewhat diminutive in stature and decidedly small in circumference.  This shows that Oliver has been treated appallingly from the moment he was born up to his ninth birthday. Dickens then uses irony and humour to put forward his point of view as he describes how Oliver is treated on his birthday. .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a , .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .postImageUrl , .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a , .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a:hover , .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a:visited , .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a:active { border:0!important; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a:active , .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u125dd0aa704fe161984e3f3cfee2c01a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Admiration towards forbidden love EssayIt was his ninth birthday and he was spending it with a party of young gentleman who, after participating in a sound thrashing had been locked up for atrociously presuming to be hungry.  Dickens puts his point across in an effective, thought provoking but funny way. It shows that even on his birthday Oliver is beaten, not given any extra food as a treat and locked up in a coal cellar.  Oliver is then sent to the work house yet he had to meet with the board. The boy was frightened and confused. Oliver begins to cry steadily when he reminded that he is an orphan.  You know youve got no mother and father and that you were brought u p by the parish dont you? Dickens shows here that the board didnt care about Oliver and his feelings.  My point is backed up in the next few lines as the gentlemen are confused as to why Oliver is crying.  What are you crying for?  What could the boy be crying for?  Dickens pretty much sums up what he is trying to say about the workhouses in this section. Then the gentleman asks him if hes a good Christian and if he prays at night.  I hope you say your prayers at night; said another gentleman in a gruff voice; and pray for the people who feed you and take care of you- like a good Christian. Dickens uses irony and humour after this is said.  It would have been very much like a Christian, and a marvellously good Christian too, if Oliver had prayed for the people who clothed and fed him. But he hadnt because no one had taught him.  Three months after Oliver is sent to the workhouse it comes to our attention that Oliver and the rest are slowly being starved to the point where they are threatening to eat each other.  Oliver Twist and his companions suffered the tortures of slow starvation for three months: at last they got so voracious and wild with hunger, that one boy hinted darkly to his companions that unless he had another basin of gruel, he was afraid he might some night have to eat the boy who slept next to him. For this reason the boys picked straws to see who would be the one to ask for more food the next evening. Oliver was set this task.  Please sir I want some more.  For this reason Oliver was taken to the board and anybody who would take him away from the parish would receive five pounds in reward.  In chapter four we are introduced to Mr Sowerberry the parish under taker who is having a general conversation with the beadle about business.  The prices allowed by the board are very small.So are the coffins.   Theres no denying that, since the new system of feeding has come in, the coffins are somewhat narrower and shallower than they used to be: but we must have some profit. Here Dickens describes a general conversation between the beadle and the undertaker he uses this conversation effectively as he shows that the children of the parish dying thinner than ever means good news for the business as they make a lot of profit.  Mr Bumble changes the subject to Oliver Twist and Oliver is inevitably apprenticed to the undertaker.  Oliver arrives at the undertakers house with Mr Bumble, Mrs Sowerberry comes to the door and sees Oliver but she is not impressed.  Dear me! Said the undertakers wife, hes very small.  After Oliver finishes his supper he is taken away by Mrs Sowerberry to be shown where he will sleep.  Your beds under the counter. You dont mind sleeping amongst the coffins, I suppose? But it doesnt matter whether you do or you dont, for you cant sleep anywhere else.

Ancient Egyptian Genius free essay sample

Born in Ankhtowe, Egypt 3000 B. C. an ancient Egyptian genius. Inventor of the pyramid, author of ancient wisdom, architect, high priest, physician, and writer. Imhoteps many talents and knowledge had such an effect on the Egyptian people that he became one of only a handful of individuals of non-royal birth to be deified to the status of a god. Imhotep, or he who cometh in peace constructed the first pyramid in Sakkara and can still be seen today. This pyramid was the first structure ever built of cut stone, and is by far the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the World. Imhotep comes from a long line of architects his father, Kanofer, was a celebrated architect,that was later known to be the first of a long line of master builders who contributed to Egyptian works through the reign of King Darius the First. Imhotep held the position of the vizier under King Zoser. We will write a custom essay sample on Ancient Egyptian Genius or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In politics the vizier was literally described as supervisor of everything in this entire land. Only the highest educated citizen could handle the range of duties that worked closely with the Pharaoh of Egypt. Imhotep was chief advisor to Zoser in both religious and practical matters, and he controlled the departments of the court system, Treasury, War, Agriculture, and the General Executive. Although there are no historical records of Imhoteps acts as a political figure, his wisdom as a religious advisor was widely recognized after he ended a terrible famine (a severe shortage of food) that dominated Egypt during seven years of Zosers reign. Also known as a magical physician or god of medicine, beloved as a curer of everyday problems who could provide remedies for all diseases, and a giver of sons to the childless. Imhoteps name was often grouped with such powerful deities as Thoth the God of Wisdom, Isis the wonder-worker, and a healer known as Ptah, and the ancient God of Memphis. It is a matter of debate today how much of Imhoteps reputation as a curer of disease stems from medical skill and how much comes from his command of magic and healing rituals.

Piscilla, Queen of the Desert musical response essays

Piscilla, Queen of the Desert musical response essays This film represents freedom and inner growth through hitting the road and bonding with peers. For these three queens, the road offers a temporary, yet easy, way out of their everyday lives. Older and wiser Bernadette, middle-aged Mitzi, and young Felicia, ignorant to society outside the city life. Music director, Anthony Walker, did a nice job. Several of the songs reinforced the feelings of freedom as well as a journey into a new sense of life that runs throughout the film. The music is whats most memorable, perhaps second only to the costumes. The film has been criticized for being called a musical, as the queens are lip-synching to non-original songs, but it uses song and dance through its entirety. References are made to, "Les Girls," the 1957 film about three showgirls reminiscing upon their traveling days. It was a musical comedy directed by George Cukor, himself gay, and one of the actors name is Mitzi Gaynor, Hugo Weavings stage name in Priscilla. Some of the musical numbers and costumes have definitely inspired scenes in "Priscilla" and even some of the plot points are familiar. Terrence Stamp's character references it when he appeared to have been in the stage version of "Les Girls" during his youth. In both films, music is the method the three ladies, or drag queens, earn a living and enjoy life. Interestingly enough, Les Girls, was also criticized for being considered a musical due to the music being all staged and seen through flashbacks of the performers. In the Village Peoples Go West, the lyrics start the trios voyage with a sense of both togetherness and adventure. The chorus talks about starting a new life, finding oneself, together with friends. Its the perfect song to start a road trip with. In Charlenes Ive never Been To Me, the statement repeatedly made throughout the song is, I ran out of places and frien...

Marxist Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marxist Theory - Essay Example The developed world acquired its wealth through the use of cheap production material. In addition, labor costs were cheap. No efforts were made to cater for the needs of employees, forced labor and hard work by the slaves led to economic materialism and wealth enjoyed by most western states (Trainer, 2010). The capitalist determines the fate of the proletariat. Laws have been instituted to ensure that the proletariat works effectively in meeting the demands of the capitalist. Wages, working hours, and working conditions are determined by the capitalists. According to Marxists, the society is divided into primitive, slave, feudal and capitalist. In addition, there are the proletariat and bourgeoisie (capitalists). It is the capitalists who own and decide the destiny of other â€Å"sub-structure† of the society. The production resources are manipulated and controlled by the capitalists. The proletariat exists to work and acquire wealth for the capitalists. Dominant ideas from the elite (bourgeoisie) were used in achieving material wealth. Importantly, elements within the society such as education, law, and morality were determined by the economic situation of a given state Means of production include slave labor, technology, and machines. The means of production are used to produce goods and services for the capitalists. Without means of production, capitalists and modern states cannot achieve their economic objectives. Slavery was particularly used in the United States to acquire wealth and industrial development. Relations of production is defined as the social organization of production. In particular, it refers to individuals who own the productive forces and how they manipulate them to achieve their objectives. For example, the capitalists forced slaves to work for them. In the current society, human beings are forced to work for a certain

In what respects is Pluto more like a moon than a Jovian or Essay

In what respects is Pluto more like a moon than a Jovian or terrestrial planet - Essay Example Since Pluto is a small ice chunk, it does not quite settle into these two categories and is more similar to a satellite or moon (Weintraub 45). One of the criteria for any object to be categorized as a real planet is that it must have â€Å"cleared the neighborhood around its orbit." The mass of Earth is approximately 1.7 million times higher than the mass of all other objects within its orbit. Unfortunately, the mass of Pluto is only 0.07 times higher than the mass of its other orbiting objects. Consequently, in 2006 Pluto was officially relegated to a ‘dwarf planet’ (Weintraub 98). More objective minds have lately decided to remove Pluto from the list of planets surrounding the sun. There are some objects that are larger than the Pluto that would qualify to be included to the list of planets if really Pluto was deliberated a planet (Weintraub

Projector Functions And Uses Computer Science Essay

Projector Functions And Uses Computer Science Essay A projector is to display images from computer or laptop. The term wireless is used to describe how the projector receives the signal. Presentation projector always having wire mess up here and there, this is where wireless projector comes in. It solves the problem of wiring by transmitting without wire using wireless technology such as Bluetooth, radio frequency and Wi-Fi. By eliminating wiring problem, it will speed up the time of setting up through wire. This will also allow multiple users to be connected to projector at a time to present their content from their laptop. Installation of projector using wire is very costly because VGA cable is quite expensive when it comes to using long length of wire. Currently there are many types of projectors such as image projector, movie projector and etc. This project is about sending data wirelessly using radio frequency from a transmitter to receiver. This project will be using microcontroller that is connected to a PC. There will have 2 c ircuit boards that have a microcontroller each. The transmitting board will be the place where process the data that come from a PC that is an analog signal and it will be kept first in the memory that is a static ram. Then the data will pass through an encoder that will convert data information into a standard format or code and transmit by using radio frequency. For receiver board, data that is receive from radio frequency receiver will be decoded using decoder to reverse the format to the original form of data information. Like at the transmitting board, data will be stored in memory first then only it will send to digital to analog conversion to convert it into analog form. Lastly the data will be send to a projector. As for this project, projector will be replaced to CRT monitor. This is because projector and monitor are having the same VGA pin out connector. The VGA pin out connector is a DE15. Aim The aim for this project is to design a device that will transmit signal from a laptop/desktop to a presentation projector through wirelessly. Objectives To design a device that will interface to PC and a projector wirelessly. To research of RGB signaling and protocol. To research of various types of wireless of technology. To understand the functioning of the presentation projector. Product specification Specification Project Microcontroller PIC 18F4550 Power Supply 9V Type of Wireless Radio Frequency Module Wire Single Core Weight 300 Gram Type of Memory Static Ram Table 1: Product Specification CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW Marketing survey Lindy Projector Server[1] C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopprojector server.jpg Figure 1.0: VGA Extender Projector Server[1] The wireless VGA extender projector server allow connection to a projector either by using wire or wireless LAN. This is best application for PowerPoint and other presentation. Its wireless connection support up to 100m. Do not need to swap VGA cable between laptops. Presenter just have to connect their computers to server access point through wireless. It is very convenient. [1] Panasonic[2] Panasonic PT-LB10NTU Projector Figure 1.1: Panasonic PT-LB10NTU[2] It support for most wireless cards and it has a great quality image when is in presentation mode. It is very easy to setup and friendly user. The disadvantage of this projector is that it comes with only 1 type of connection cable that is VGA. The projector can be connected up to 4 users at a time with broad support, fast and easy. [2] Dell[3] C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorDesktopdell.jpg Figure 1.2: Dell S300wi[3] It is very rare to find a projector that has a multimedia audio. It is a short-throw projector type that can be projected in a short distance. This product does not need to be calibrated before using. It is best to use in a small to medium size room. It has one wireless connector that is an embedded WiFi. [3] Canon[4] Canon LV-8215 Projector Figure 1.3: Canon LV-8215[4] This product has a few of advantages; one of them is audio quality. It is a multimedia projector that is why audio quality, image quality and resolution are its advantages. When it comes to such good features, there will always have a bad side that is its fan is noisy and also need maintenance once in a while. [4] Casio[5] Casio XJ-S46 Projector Figure 1.4: Casio XJ-S46[5] A DLP projector that uses a wireless adapter to connector between laptop and projector. It has a wireless adapter so that allow wireless connection. It is easy to carry to anywhere due to its light weight. The projector has digital zoom feature. [5] Overall Product Cost and Specification Product name Lindy Panasonic Dell Canon Casio Type Projector server LCD projector DLP projector LCD projector DLP projector Specification -Compatible with all Windows but not Mac -Up to 4 laptops can be connected -Quick and easy setup -Wireless connection -Up to 4 laptops can be connected -Quick and easy to shut down and start up -For small to medium room -Wireless connection -Short-throw -Has an interactive pen -Short-throw projector -HDMI input -Up to 4-1 split-screen -3D projection -High contrast -Has DVI input -Blackboard mode -Soft carrying case -Very light weight -USB port -Soft carrying case Weakness -Only VGA connection -Projection mode does not support wireless audio -Presenting speed and image quality -Overloaded and distorted at maximum volume -Very heavy -No digital zoom -Very heavy -No digital zoom -Low contrast -Uses high power consumption Cost RM1600.00 RM602.00 RM3000.00 RM1673.90 RM3526.60 Comments -Not a projector but a server -Fast setup -Quite expensive -Fast setup -Quite cheap -Simultaneously project up to 4 different user screens -Very expensive -not good image quality -Very expensive Table 2: Overall product cost and specification [1][2][3][4][5] Component D-Subminiature[6] D-Subminiature or can be called D-Sub is universal type of electrical connector used in computer. D-Sub has a lot of series that every series has different number of pins. There are DA-15, DB-25, DC-37, DD-50 and DE-9.[6] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DSubminiatures.svg/250px-DSubminiatures.svg.png Figure 2.0: Different Pins Connector[6] Type DA-15 DB-25 DC-37 DD-50 DE-9 Pins 15 25 37 50 9 Table 2.1: Different type of D-sub From the table above, DB-25, DC-37 and DD-50 are not in consideration because laptop does not have this type of pin out. DE-9 has 9 pins and laptops do have the pin out but for monitor/projector, it only supports DA-15. Thats why for this project DA-15 will be used. DA-15 can be called DE-15 or also VGA connector is used because monitor and laptop both have pin in and pin out that support each other. [6] Microcontroller[7] Microcontroller is a device with hidden powerful ability to do a lot of thing. Nowadays most of electronic device has microcontroller inside them because it is use to process task. Due to its low voltage consumption and for its ability to run one specific program, it is usually chosen to use in project. The program generally is program by using a programmer and store in ROM (read-only memory). [7] Microcontroller PIC 16F877a PIC 18F4550 Basic Stamp I/O ports 33 35 16 RAM 368Bytes 2048 Bytes 32Bytes Flash Program Memory 8K 16K 2K Cost RM21 RM35 RM70 Table 2.2: Different type of microcontroller[7] From the table above, out of 3 comparisons basic stamp is the most not suitable for this project. This is because there are only a few I/O ports. It runs at a very slow speed and has small memory size. PIC 16F877a and PIC18F4550 is the 2 microcontroller can take into consideration. Memory[8] There are 2 types of memory which are volatile and non-volatile memory. Volatile memory is storage where when power is off contents are erased. This is because of RAMs volatile nature that is why user must use hard drive to keep their work as a permanent medium in order to avoid losing data. DRAM and SRAM are both volatile memory that currently have in market. Device like computer ram is a volatile. Non-volatile memory is storage where when power is off the contents that is stored previously will still be there. Devices like hard drive and CMOS chip are example of non-volatile memory. Currently in market, ROM, Flash memory, FeRAM, MRAM and PRAM that are non-volatile memory. Memory Volatile Memory Non-Volatile Memory Type DRAM, SRAM ROM, Flash memory, FeRAM, MRAM, PRAM Advantages -Mostly comes with a lifetime guarantee -Automatically store data -Data can be stored up to 10 years -Less costly -Data wont lost when power off Disadvantages -Data will lost when power off -Quite costly -User need to manually store data Table 2.3: Comparison of memory type[8] As for this project after analysis, it is best to go for volatile memory because this project does not need to store memory and retrieve after power off. After analyze and decided to go for volatile memory, there are DRAM and SRAM to choose from. DRAM stands for dynamic random access memory and SRAM is static random access memory. In this project, SRAM is chosen because it does not need to keep refreshed over time which DRAM needs a constant refreshing. This I s because DRAM store its memory as charge leaks which information needs to be read and written every few milliseconds. Memory X28HC256PZ-15 CY62256LL-70PXC AT29LV256-20JC Type EEPROM SRAM FLASH Mounting Through hole Through hole Surface mount Density 256k 256k 256k Operating Voltage 5V 5V 3.3V Pin Count 28 28 32 Number of Bits per Word 8bit 8bit 8bit Interface Type Parallel Parallel Parallel Manufacturer Intersil Cypress Atmel Table 2.4: Comparison of memory available[8] From the table above, most of the specification above is nearly the same. Memory that is produce by Atmel is out of consideration because the operating voltage is 3.3V that is not suitable for this project. The mounting way is surface mount making this project not that suitable because there is no equipment to solder it onto PCB. This memory has too many pin count too which cannot be supported by PIC18F4550. Cypress and Intersil memory are the exact same specification but the memory that is used in this project is Cypress memory. This is because Intersil memory is EEPROM type. In this project, it does not need to store any data after power down so making SRAM is the best choice due to its nature. Wireless Wireless is a transferring data method without using any wire over certain distance. Some distance is just a short distance and some can goes up to very far away. Nowadays wireless is the most communication way for telecommunication method. There are a few ways of transmitting wirelessly such as: Infrared(IR) Radio Frequency(RF) Bluetooth Wi-Fi Wireless Technology Infrared Radio Frequency Bluetooth Distance Short Vary Medium Line of sight Yes No No Table 2.5: Comparison of Different Technology There are modules available for this technology. From table above, this project best technology fit to use is radio frequency. Modules that available in market are: Modules Type Security Distance Speed Communication way Price IR module Infrared Medium Short Slow 1 Way Cheap RF module Radio frequency Medium Medium Medium 1Way Medium Zigbee Radio frequency Medium Medium Fast 2Ways Expensive Table 2.6: Comparing wireless modules From the table above, this project will be using RF module. Zigbee has a faster speed than RF module but from price and communication aspect, it is quite expensive and this project does not need 2 ways communication. This project just needs to send data signal to the receiver only. CHAPTER 3: Methodology General Block Diagram Microcontroller PIC 18F4550 RF module Memory Laptop VGA cable Monitor Figure 3.0: General Block Diagram Figure above showing the overall diagram of what this project has. Monitor will be device where it display whatever shown at the laptop. Before the display can be shown at monitor, the data signal need to pass through the output video graphic array (VGA) connector that has 15 pins which can also be called DB15. Memory is to store the data signal so that the data can be kept and synchronize before going to transmitting device. This is to make sure the data is send correctly. There will be also radio frequency module which will help transmitting data signal through wirelessly. General Flow Chart Start Radio frequency module Digital to Analog Conversion PIC Analog to Digital Conversion Display at monitor Get Laptop signal Figure 3.1: General Flow Chart The flow chart above is showing the way a laptop send its on screen image wirelessly to the receiver side which is a monitor. Laptop will constantly send image to microcontroller which will be kept in memory of its data to enable of synchronize when transmitting wirelessly. When it captures 7500 bits then it will send to encoder to convert into a standard format or code and transmit by using radio frequency. At the receiver side, it will constantly receive the data signal then keep in the memory. When it store up till 7500 bits, microcontroller will automatically synchronize into a code and send to monitor to display. Project Signal Overview Digital Digital Digital Digital Digital Digital R, G, B, HSync, VSync Analog/ Digital Laptop Microcontroller Memory Microcontroller Encoder Transmitter Microcontroller Decoder Memory Microcontroller Monitor Receiver Digital Digital Digital Analog/ Digital Figure 3.2: Signal Overview Basically this figure above showing an overview of what type of signal when it reaches at certain hardware. There are 2 places where analog signal can only be detected which are from laptop to microcontroller and before it show the screen of laptop user. This is because signal that comes out from VGA port has red, green, blue, Hsync, and Vsync. Hsync and Vsync are the only signal that runs at 5voltage which are transistor-transistor logic (TTL) signal. The color signals are analog. This signal will pass through analog to digital converter which microcontroller itself has the function. From microcontroller to RF module, all the signals are in digital. Before display the laptop on screen display at receiver side, it will pass through digital to analog converter because monitor is uses VGA port which are analog. Microcontroller Figure 3.3: PIC 18F4550 PIC 18F4550 is a low voltage and 40 pins microcontroller from Microchip. It is a flash high performance PIC which has two-speed oscillator start-up. It has 35 input and output ports and up to 13 ADC module. It has also 32kbytes flash program memory, SRAM of 2048bytes and EEPROM of 256bytes. Early few months ago, this project started out with PIC 16F877a. After some intensive of testing out to get output of image from PIC 16F877a, there is no image shown. Hence PIC 18F4550 become the next PIC to act as a microcontroller. This is because 16F877a with oscillator of 20 MHz, the speed of microcontroller couldnt match up with the speed of VGA cable signal. Now with this PIC 18F4550, oscillator of 40 MHz is used. In this project the port are use as follow: Port A (1-5) and Port B (0-7): This port A (1-5) and port B (0-7) connected to memorys address lines which are A0-A12. Port D (0-7): This Port D (0-7) is connected to memory data lines which are the I/O port. Port E (0-2): This Port E (0-2) is connected to memory control lines which are chip enable, write enable and output enable. All of this control lines are active low. Port C (4-5): This Port C (4-5) are vertical sync and horizontal sync. Port A (0): This Port A is the input of either red, green or blue pin from laptop. The color pin out from laptop is connected to A0 of this PIC is because pin A0 and pin A1 are the only pin available for analog to digital converter (ADC). VDD: This pin is connected to a voltage regulator which is LM 7805. This has to be connected to LM7805 to make sure the voltage does not go over 5V. Vss: This pin surely has to be connected to ground if not the microcontroller will not work. OSC1 and OSC2: It is connected to a 40MHz crystal. Without this crystal, this project will not work. Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC) Analog to digital conversion is a way to convert a signal from analog to digital so that the microcontroller can read the signal. After converting to digital, the signal will become either logic 1 or logic 0. Example on how to convert an analog signal input of 8 bit: x 255 = Voltage value per step Example RGB voltage x 255 = 35.7 Then convert into binary 35 = 00100011 (binary) Digital to Analog Conversion (DAC) C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorMy DocumentsMy PicturesIMG_0405.jpg Figure 3.4: Resistor Ladder Resistor ladder can be constructed by using a set of resistors of 2 values while another resistor double. For this project, resistor ladder is used as digital to analog conversion. Figure above is the fully constructed resistor ladder. It is a R/2R resistor network. This resistor ladder can increase its number of bits by adding more resistor network. To prove the ADC and DAC formula match, here is the example of formula. Example on how to convert digital to analog of 8bit: = Voltage value per step Step x Voltage value per step = Analog output voltage So from the formula above, now to prove the formula is correct by using previous analog result: = 0.0196V 36 x 0.0196 = 0.686V (approximate 0.7V) From the calculation, it is proven that the formula for ADC and DAC is correct. RGB Theory Video RGB and YCbCr are the typical digital signals. The typical order of decreasing video quality is: HDMI (Digital YCbCr) HDMI (Digital RGB) Analog YPbPr Analog RGB Analog S-Video Analog composite Video is always considered as continuous picture motion but actually it is a sequence of still images due to rapid changing that it looks like nonstop picture motion. The typical video refresh rate is 50 or 60 times per second for consumer video and 70 to 90 times per second for computer. The vertical and horizontal sync information is usually transferred in one of three ways: Separate horizontal and vertical sync signals. Separate composite sync signal. Composite sync signal embedded within the video signal. Most CRT based displays are still interlaced while LCD, plasma and computer displays are progressive. Enhanced-definition video is usually defined as having 480 or 576 progressive active scan lines and is commonly called 480p and 576 respectively. Interlaced and enhanced-definition is progressive is standard-definition. Figure 3.5: Progressive displays Figure 3.6: Interlaced displays Color spaces A three dimensional, Cartesian coordinate system is use to represent Red, Green, Blue that are the three primary additive colors. Figure 3.7: The RGB color cube The figure above showing RGB values for 100% amplitude, 100% saturated color bars. It is use for common video test signal. Table 3.0: RGB color bars Video Timing Background Every VGA connector consist of 5 main data signals which is needed to display an image. The following are the 5 data signals: Red Green Blue Horizontal sync Vertical sync Red, green and blue signals is an analog type of signal. This signals carry pixel data in it. Horizontal and vertical sync is to provide information of timing for the monitor so those monitors display the pixel data correctly. Figure 3.8: Horizontal Timing The figure above shows that the timing of the video data and horizontal data signal. The blanking interval means that there is no video data signal is been send. Every monitor will use horizontal blanking interval to check on horizontal sync pulse. There are 3 characteristics of horizontal pulse: Front porch Back porch Pulse width Front porch is to check on the delay of initial edge and the end of video signal of sync pulse. Delay of the first piece of data and the final edge of signal of sync pulse for the next scanline is back porch. Pulse width is the period of time that sync signal is asserted. Figure 3.9: Vertical Timing The figure above is video frame which also video data with vertical sync. Its basically the same thing with horizontal except for vertical then is video frame. VGA connector Pin Name Signal Direction Description 1 Red à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Red data 2 Green à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Green data 3 Blue à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Blue data 4 ID2 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  Monitor ID bit 2 5 GND à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Ground 6 RGND à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Red ground 7 GGND à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Green ground 8 BGND à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Blue ground 9 Key . No pin 10 SGND à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Sync ground 11 ID0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  Monitor ID bit 0 12 ID1 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  Monitor ID bit 1 13 HSync à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Horizontal sync 14 Vsync à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Vertical sync 15 ID3 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã‚  Monitor ID bit 3 Table 3.1: Pin Description Output signal from laptop Input signal to laptop Figure above is showing the pin description and the direction of the signal is going. Encoder Decoder Figure 3.10: Encoder 2262 Figure 3.11: Decoder 2272-L6 Encoder Below is a table for encoder PTC 2262: Pin Name I/O Description A0~A5 I Pin 0 to pin 5 is address. These pin is to encode and bit 0 to bit 5. Logic 0, logic 1 or floating is set by the pin A6/D5~A11/D0 I Address pin or data pin is 7,8,12,13. Bit 6 to bit 11 is to determine the encoded waveform. It can be set as logic 0, logic 1, or floating. When data pins is used then only logic 1 or log 0 TE I Transmission Enable. Active low trigger. Encode when ground or plug out OSC1 O Oscillator Pin no.1( A resistor have to connected between OSC1 and OSC2 to determine the frequency) OSC2 I Oscillator Pin no.2 Dout O Data output pin. The encoded data is sent by serial transmitting through this pin. Vcc Voltage supply Vss Ground Table 3.2: Encoder description Decoder Below is a table for decoder PTC 2272-L6 Pin Name I/O Description A0~A5 I Pin 0 to pin 5 is address. These pin is to decode and bit 0 to bit 5. Logic 0, logic 1 or floating is set by the pin A6/D5~A11/D0 I Address pin or data pin is 7,8,12,13. Bit 6 to bit 11 is to determine the decoded waveform. It can be set as logic 0, logic 1, or floating. When data pins is used then only logic 1 or log 0 VT O Transmission receive. Active high trigger. When logic 1 means receive OSC1 O Oscillator Pin no.1( A resistor have to connected between OSC1 and OSC2 to determine the frequency) OSC2 I Oscillator Pin no.2 Dout O Data output pin. The encoded data will be serially transmitted through this pin. Vcc Voltage supply Vss Ground Table 3.3: Decoder Description Encoder is use to convert the data information into a standard format or code so that it is easier to send. This can allow the data information to be compress into a code word. Signal Resistor Oscillator Resistors have to be connected to osc1 and osc2 pin at both encoder and decoder so that the resistor will set the oscillation. Below is the recommended resistor value for both encoder and decoder: Encoder 2262 Decoder 2272-L6 4.7Mà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ 820kà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ 3.3Mà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ 680kà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ 1.2Mà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ 200kà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ Table 3.4: Oscillator for encoder and decoder F = From this formula, the best suitable resistor value for fastest speed when transmit is 1.2Mà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦ and 200kà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¦. Code word A code word is consisting of 8 address, 4 data and 1 sync. This adds up into 13 bits. Figure 3.12: Code Word Figure 3.13: Address/data bit waveform The figure above is showing address bit waveform that has been encoded. Radio Frequency Module http://www.ananiahelectronics.com/pcr1a.gif http://www.ananiahelectronics.com/fs100a.gif Figure 3.14: Receiver Figure 3.15: Transmitter The radio frequency transmitter has 3 pins. From the figure above, the transmitter has 1 ground, 1 power supply pin and 1 data pin. Receiver has 1 ground, 1 power supply and 2 data pins. Both transmitting and receiving device have to be the same frequency so that the signals data can be send n receive. Every wireless transmission, there will be encoding and decoding technique that is vary from every device. Encoding is to ensure that the information that will be send wirelessly is secure as in security and not disturb by other same device that has same frequency. Memory (RAM) Memory which can be separated into 2 types which are volatile and non-volatile memory. In chapter 2 already explain what is volatile and non-volatile. This project uses 2 memory which are 1 at transmitting and 1 at receiving. The following are the pin definitions for this memory: Pin Number Type Description 1-10, 21, 23-26 Input A0-A14 are address inputs. 11-13, 15-19 Input/Output I/O0-I/O7 are data lines. It is used as inputs and output lines depending on the operation. 27 Input/Control When WE is selected to be low, a write is conducted. When high is selected, a read is conducted. 20 Input/Control When CE is low, chip is selected. When high, chip is selected. 22 Input/Control Output enable. Controls the direction of the I/O pins. When low, the I/O pins behave as outputs. When deasserted high, I/O pins are three-stated and act as input data pins 14 Ground Ground for device 28 Power Supply Power supply for device Table 3.5: Memory Description Software Flow Chart Transmitter Start Capture frame 8 times Write into memory Capture 7500 bits? Transmit wirelessly Yes No Figure 3.16: Transmitter First the laptop will send out bit of red, green and blue with the sync bit. This bit that is in analog will convert into digital once it reach inside microcontroller. Then the microcontroller will write the frames that is capture 8 times into memory. It will check has it capture 7500 bits or not if not then the microcontroller will keep on capturing. After that once 7500 bits obtain then microcontroller will read from memory and send through wirelessly at transmitting side. Receiver Checking for wireless signal Write into memory Receive 7500 bits? Display at monitor End Yes No Figure 3.17: Receiver The receiver will keep on checking for wirelessly signal. Once it obtains the signal then will write into the memory. The microcontroller will constantly check whether it has receive 7500 bits. Once it reach 7500 bits then the monitor will display image. CHAPTER 4: Analysis and Testing RGB Timing

James Herriot’s If Only They Could Talk Essays -- James Herriot Only T

James Herriot’s If Only They Could Talk In James Herriot’s autobiographical book, If Only They Could Talk, we see that Herriot has many strong characteristics which help him through his tough, and oftentimes demanding, career. He has a vast knowledge of his practice, as well as his employer and friend, Seigfried Farnon. Herriot has a great sense of humour, and is able to take embarrassment excellently. He also works well in strange, or uncomfortable situations. One of his strong character traits is his adaptability, he is very flexible with his customers, and adapts to their lifestyles. James Herriot’s most endearing quality is his deep passion and concern for his patients. James Herriot has a tremendous memory of all the signs, symptoms, medications, diseases, and sicknesses concerning animals. This helps him very much throughout his career. He remembers thinking to himself about a horse reference book, â€Å"I had gone through it so often in my mind final year that I could recite stretches of it like poetry.†(1) He is able to deduct a patient’s problem without even needing an x-ray, or anything of that sort. In one situation, a bull was in danger of dying, and no one knew what was wrong. Herriot felt the rays of sun on his face and knew then that the bull had sun-stroke, and when asked, the owner told him he had put the bull out to pasture for a long length of time. James Herriot also understood his employer, Farnon, well. He knew when to steer clear, and when to ask him for advice and guidance. Herriot said: â€Å"I could read his mind without much trouble.†(2) Herriot had a wonderful sense of humour, and was always happy to get a laugh, even if it was at his own expense. Once, he was out with another aged veterinarian, Angus Grier, and found himself in quite a predicament. Grier insisted on Herriot coming with him to a cleanse a cow. This was a fairly simple procedure, where you remove the afterbirth still inside the cow. Herriot did not feel he needed to go, thus he said he did not have the proper clothes for the job. Grier was annoyed, but forcefully suggested Herriot put on Grier’s new calving outfit. It was an immense plastic suit of armor, and Grier made Herriot put every part of it on, including the helmet. This was, of course, quite ridiculous just for cleansing out a cow. But Herriot did it, and was the center of attention at the families’ fa... ... best feeling in the world to him, and that is why he would not have chosen any other profession: â€Å"I can’t think of anything in my working life that has given me more pleasure than standing in that pen directing the life-saving jet and watching the bull savoring it.†(10) Another thing that Herriot loved was new-born animals. Especially when he helped deliver them! He was really interested in the cycle of life. I think this also helped keep things going. The fact that every year, it was a new beginning: â€Å"I felt utterly content, warm with the memory of the foal trying to struggle on to it’s knees†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (11) James Herriot has a very strong character, and a very good sense of values. His humour keeps the days light, and jovial, and gets all the not-so-great situations a little bit easier to handle. His expansive knowledge of his job keeps the work somewhat easy, and helps with the hard to solve problems. His adaptability is very useful, as he works with many people, and in many different places. His deep concern, appreciation, and love for his patients, and all animals keeps him doing his job. No matter how hard it gets, he does it for the animals, and this is why he has kept on going.

Budget Essay

Budget is a summary income and expenses of a given period. It provides you a comprhensive financial overview that helps coordinate financial and oerational activities. Its an open two way communication channel. Its is also a measure of expected or desired performance. Advantages A budget is a quantitative expression of a plan of action. These are the major benefits of effective budgeting. Budgeting compels managers to think and formalizing their prsponsibilities for planning. Budgeting provides an opportunity for managers to evaluate the activities and evaluate new activities. Budgeting helps managers in communicating objectives and coordinating actions. budgeting provides benchmarks. Difficulties in implementing a budget Budgeting can be expensive and sometimes its not even close to the actual numbers. Some of the departments disagree with the budget goals. Similarly another difficulity is obtaining the accurate sales forecasts. Any sort of false information would throw the budget way off the line. So accuracy is very important while creating a budget. There are different types of budgets. Static budget predicts costs, revenues and profits at one level of output.Once it is made it doesn’t change. Where as a flexible budget is a budget that has a flexibility to for the changes in the activity. It is more sophisticated and does not change production according to the sales activity. Direct material variance the difference between the real purchase price of material and the standardised purchase price of the material is known as direct material variance. Total direct material varicance can get by multiplying the difference of the price with the actual quantity pu.rchased. It is very helpful to managers in making purchase decisions and enable them to find it favourable or unfavourable. For example, if a company buys 100,000 units of material and pays $5/ unit, compare to the standard price of the material which is $8/ unit, it is a favorable purchase. Labor Variance The differecnce between actual pay rate and the standard pay rate is known as  labor variance. The difference can be found out by multiplying the difference to the actual number of hours worked. For example if the difference is $2/ hour, and 20 hours of work was put in, the labor variance can be found out by multiplying 2 to 20( 2*20= 40) so the total variance is 40.

Internet Addiction And The Internet - 924 Words

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